Bullet Ricochet: Causes and Safety Measures

Why do bullets ricochet? In our latest blog, we explore the topic of bullet ricochet and its implications for shooters. We'll define what it means, what causes it to happen, and provide shooters with essential tips on how to minimize injury and impact when it occurs. 

Ricochet Definition

What is a ricochet bullet? A ricochet bullet occurs when a fired bullet rebounds off a surface at an angle. This typically occurs when a bullet strikes a hard angle. A ricochet shot refers to the type of bullet deflection that happens when a ricochet bullet hits the target at a low angle but is deflected. 

What Causes Bullet Ricochet?

Many factors can cause bullets to ricochet, such as the type of target used or the angle at which the bullet is fired. We break down the factors below.

Target surface

Flat and hard surfaces such as metal, wood, glass, concrete, rock, or steel may cause a bullet to ricochet.

Angle of incidence

The angle of incidence refers to the trajectory of the bullet and its angle. If the angle of incidence is at 90 degrees, then the bullet will rebound at 90 degrees. 

Velocity

Velocity refers to the speed or rate in a given direction. Low-velocity bullets are more likely to ricochet or rebound than high-velocity bullets. Velocity is calculated by the distance traveled divided by the time it takes for the bullet to hit its target. 

Bullet shape

The shape and make of the bullet can affect whether or not it will ricochet in addition to its rotation.

Distance

The distance between the shooter and the target can impact whether or not a bullet can ricochet. Keep reading to find out how much distance is needed to avoid ricocheting. 

Safety Tips to Avoid Injury From a Ricochet Bullet

While you can’t guarantee that a bullet will never ricochet, there are a few things within your control to minimize the chance of it occurring.

Select an appropriate target

Select and set up a target with no hard surfaces, and use a proper outdoor target instead of random objects, such as trees, fences, or other hard surfaces. It’s also important to know how much your target can handle. 

Use proper technique

Avoid shooting your target at an angle to minimize the chance for a bullet or shell to rebound. Always use your sights and shoot at your target straight on. Be sure to check your stance and prepare for any possibility of recoil.

Keep ample distance

Maintain an appropriate distance from your target. This will depend on the type of gun and ammunition used. 

Don’t guess; inspect

Inspect your target before firing. Never shoot directly at a hard surface, such as the ground, rock, or a hard stump.

Angle your target

Angling your target downward ensures that the only angle that the bullet can ricochet or reflect is toward the ground due to the angle of incidence. 

Ammo selection

Only use ammo intended for your target and type of firearm, and inspect your ammo for any possible signs of defects before feeding it into the magazine. 

Wear eye and ear protection

Using proper ear and eye protection can help protect you in the event a bullet or shell rebounds. 

How Much Distance is Needed to Avoid Ricochet?

The recommended distance will vary depending on the firearm and ammunition used. 

Handguns: Keep a minimum distance of at least 15 yards for most types of ammunition or 15-25 yards for high-velocity ammunition. 

Shotguns: Keep a minimum distance of at least 25 yards.

Rifles: Allow a minimum distance of 100+ yards between the shooter and the target. This also depends on the type of rifle.

How Far Can a Bullet Ricochet?

How far a bullet ricochets depends on the distance that the bullet can travel, the length of the barrel, types of bullet used, amount of gunpowder, and the surface it hits. 

Choosing the Right Target

Qualification Targets Inc. has a variety of target options to choose from, including paper, cardboard, and steel targets. Our AR500 steel targets are made of abrasion-resistant alloy and are a top choice due to their durability to withstand impact.

For help choosing what target and equipment will work best for your department or organization, visit us online or call us at 866-498-8228.